You are an Earthborn Awoken. You died sometime between the end of the Collapse and start of the City Age. I recommend you actually read the Grimoire. I won't say the story doesn't have problems, as clearly, it does. But on this matter, simply reading the Grimoire would answer your questions on the matter.

I'm talking from the character's point of view.

Yea, its kinda odd the Guardian didn't ask about it, but, from the developers standpoint, it would mean much more work as they would have to do it for the Exo and come up with something for humans aswell (which would of been great, but they decided not to sadly). Guess they can just say your Guardian was more worried about the task at hand instead of their own backround. From a lore standpoint though, its perfectly plausible.

I guess it depends more on the type of protagonist. I would expect someone who has woken up from being dead for a while with no memory whatsoever to be questioning why on many things, as currently they are just told to jump, and so they listen. I can't see it that difficult to record 20 min of dialogue (3 per character in relation to their origins and another 8 scattered throughout the game's path) to give context to the game itself. Especially with the amount of money invested into this game (the 500 mil throughout the 10 year Activision publishing contract) It seems so wrong when comparing the game to Bungie's past titles which actually gave context, meaning, and reasoning to your own actions.