Let's face it, we've let science fiction down. We were supposed to have flying cars or a robot apocalypse by now, and the most futuristic things we've managed to produce are touch screens and voice commands. Granted, we have taken huge leaps forward in certain areas, communications particularly.
Cracked ran a very interesting article a few weeks ago about substances that seem to defy conventional knowledge. These, along with other materials being developed (such as stain and germ resistant surfaces) appear to be opening the door to discoveries worthy of the speculations put forth by 20th century futurists.
Time for the Q&A:
What 'future' technology do you think will be within our grasp in let's say, the next twenty years?
Out of existing technologies, which deserve more focus and attention from scientists?
Of the various technologies presented by sci-fi, which should we avoid?
As for me, I believe more attention and funds should be devoted to solar energy. The sun has an almost incomprehensible amount of current and potential energy. I can't recall the exact details, but I remember reading about someone on the west coast who proposed a solar roadway initiative, essentially replacing the nation's highways (and perhaps parking lots) with solar panels. Needless to say, this would provide more than enough energy for the US and beyond.
Though the upfront cost would be intimidating, the initiative would pay for itself in the long run, simultaneously creating a plethora of jobs. A better understanding of solar power coupled with extensive stem cell research and more practical 3D printing (also extremely important areas), would make long-term spaceflight and by extension colonization, possible. As far as a more recent development in the 20-year window, I'd love to see wireless electricity come to fruition. This would have a huge impact on day to day life, and would be a very noticeable step forward.
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We're on the brink of cracking how to do Nuclear Fusion, which would make solar energy obsolete (and all other forms, for that matter). We already have flying cars (and bikes), we have so much that's come up in just the last 60 years it's daunting. Technologically we're so far ahead right now that it's impossible to keep up with everything. Like shit, we are now able to clone someone's organ and replace their malfunctioning one with it, or even use "ghost organs" which are organs without DNA so when it's implanted the receiver's DNA implants into it and treats it like nothing happened so they don't need to worry about the body rejecting it. We even cured AIDS! Like, holy hell.