the post you marked as the answer to this topic is basically the best explanation there is. Range is also a stat that somehow affects damage. For instance, the ice breaker does not have impressive impact stats, however, the range bar is basically full and thus translates into damage. This may or may not just be a sniper class buff, but i'm not sure. I have a badger ccl with the range modifier perc. I would like to test the damage of the badger on a lvl 33 acolyte with and without the range modifier active. As for impact, impact applies to each bullet. Impact does cause stagger, but it is not exclusively a stagger stat. It is a damage stat. So, basically, let's take the word of crota. Let's say it has 3/4 bar of impact. Then let's take something like the oversoul edict. It has about 1/30 of a bar of impact. So in that case, it would take somewhere around 75 shots from the oversoul edict to equal 3 shots from the word of crota. That is just off the top of my head, so the numbers are probably slightly off.